REDISCOVER THE EMPIRES OF NUBIAN QUEENS

In Sudan, women and children continue to bear the brunt of conflict, emergencies and hardship – in 2025 an estimated 30.4 million people (almost two‑thirds of the population) require humanitarian assistance, and more than 15 million of them are children. Nearly 17 million of Sudan’s 19 million school‑aged children – around 90 per cent – are now out of school, while those who can attend face shortages of teachers, supplies and safe learning spaces. Close to 11 million people urgently need water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services, and routine immunisation has collapsed: one in every six children – roughly 2.5 million – has not received a single dose of a life‑saving vaccine. Competition for Sudan’s vast gold reserves and other natural resources continues to finance the warring parties and attract external backers, entrenching the crisis and deepening civilians’ suffering.